The calcaneus, or heel bone, is the largest bone in the foot and forms the posterior pillar of the foot's arch. It bears and absorbs much of the impact force during walking and running, acting as a shock absorber for the entire body. The calcaneus serves as a major attachment point for the Achilles tendon and plantar fascia, providing leverage for powerful movements like pushing off while walking.
The term "calcaneus" comes from the Latin word "calx" meaning heel or limestone. Its name reflects both its location and its dense, rock-like nature.
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