The sphenoid bone is a butterfly-shaped bone that sits at the base of the skull, forming part of the orbit and cranial cavity. It articulates with all other cranial bones, acting as a central keystone that locks the skull bones together. This complex bone contains multiple foramina for crucial nerves and blood vessels, along with wing-like projections (greater and lesser wings) that help form the orbit and cranial floor.
The word "sphenoid" comes from the Greek "sphenoides," meaning "wedge-shaped" or "butterfly-shaped." The name reflects both its mechanical role as a wedge connecting skull bones and its distinctive butterfly-like appearance.
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